Ụlọ ọrụ polyurethane: ohere dị elu, mkpokọta dị arọ
Akụkọ mmepe nke ụlọ ọrụ Polyurethane
Polyurethane (PU) bụ resin polymer kpụrụ site na condensation polymerization nke isi kemịkalụ isocyanate na polyol.Polyurethane nwere uru nke ike dị elu, nkwụsị abrasion, nkwụsị anya mmiri, ịrụ ọrụ dị mma na-agbanwe agbanwe, mmanụ na-eguzogide ọgwụ na ezigbo ndakọrịta ọbara.A na-eji ya eme ihe n'ụlọ, ngwa ụlọ, ụgbọ njem, ihe owuwu, ihe ndị dị mkpa kwa ụbọchị na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ, ọ bụkwa ihe injinia dị mkpa.Na 1937, German chemist Bayer jiri mmeghachi omume polyaddition nke 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate na 1,4-butanediol mee linear polyamide resin, nke meghere nyocha na ntinye nke resin polyamide.N'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, Germany ehiwela ụlọ ọrụ nnwale polyamide nwere ikike mmepụta ụfọdụ.Mgbe Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ gasịrị, United States, Britain, Japan na mba ndị ọzọ webatara nkà na ụzụ German iji malite mmepụta na mmepụta nke polyurethane, ụlọ ọrụ polyurethane malitere ịmalite n'ụwa nile.Obodo m enyochala onwe ya ma mepụta resin polyurethane kemgbe 1960, ma bụrụzi onye na-emepụta ihe na ndị na-eji polyurethane kachasị n'ụwa.
A na-ekewa Polyurethane n'ime ụdị polyester na ụdị polyether.A na-ekpebi ihe owuwu polyurethane monomer site na akụrụngwa dị elu na akụrụngwa ebumnuche.A na-emepụta ụdị polyester site na mmeghachi omume nke polyester polyol na isocyanate.Ọ bụ n'ụdị siri ike ma a na-ejikarị emepụta sponge foamed, topcoat na mpempe akwụkwọ plastik nwere ike siri ike na njupụta.A na-enweta ụdị polyether site na mmeghachi omume nke polyether ụdị polyol na isocyanate, na usoro ihe omimi ahụ bụ akụkụ dị nro.A na-ejikarị ya na-emepụta owu ebe nchekwa na-agbanwe agbanwe na ihe nkpuchi na-enweghị atụ.Ọtụtụ usoro mmepụta polyurethane dị ugbu a na-emegharị polyester na polyether polyols n'ogo iji hụ na mgbanwe ngwaahịa na-agafeghị oke.Isi akụrụngwa maka njikọ polyurethane bụ isocyanates na polyols.Isocyanate bụ okwu n'ozuzu maka esters dị iche iche nke acid isocyanic, nkewapụtara site na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke -NCO dị iche iche, gụnyere monoisocyanate RN = C = O, diisocyanate O = C = NRN = C = O na polyisocyanate wdg;nwekwara ike kewaa n'ime aliphatic isocyanates na aromatic isocyanates.A na-eji isocyanates aromatic eme ihe ugbu a na nnukwu ego, dị ka diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) na toluene diisocyanate (TDI).MDI na TDI bụ ụdị isocyanate dị mkpa.
Polyurethane ụlọ ọrụ yinye na mmepụta usoro
Ihe ndị dị n'elu nke polyurethane bụ isi bụ isocyanates na polyols.Ngwaahịa nke etiti na-agụnye plastik foam, elastomers, fiber plastics, fibers, resins akpụkpọ ụkwụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ, mkpuchi, nrapado na sealants na ngwaahịa resin ndị ọzọ.Ngwaahịa ndị dị n'okpuru ala gụnyere ngwa ụlọ, ngwa ụlọ, ụgbọ njem, ihe owuwu, ihe ndị dị mkpa kwa ụbọchị na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ.
Ụlọ ọrụ polyurethane nwere nnukwu ihe mgbochi na nkà na ụzụ, isi obodo, ndị ahịa, njikwa na nkà, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ nwekwara nnukwu ihe mgbochi ịbanye.
1) Nkà na ụzụ na ego mgbochi.Mmepụta nke isocyanates dị elu bụ njikọ nwere ihe mgbochi teknụzụ kachasị elu na agbụ ụlọ ọrụ polyurethane.Karịsịa, a na-ewere MDI dị ka otu n'ime nnukwu ngwaahịa nwere ihe mgbochi kachasị elu na ụlọ ọrụ kemịkal.The sịntetik usoro ụzọ nke isocyanate bụ dịtụ ogologo, gụnyere nitration mmeghachi omume, Mbelata mmeghachi omume, acidification mmeghachi omume, wdg Phosgene usoro bụ ugbu a mainstream technology maka ulo oru mmepụta nke isocyanates, na ọ bụkwa naanị usoro nwere ike na-aghọta nnukwu-ọnụ ọgụgụ mmepụta nke isocyanates.Otú ọ dị, phosgene na-egbu egbu nke ukwuu, ọ dịkwa mkpa ka a mee mmeghachi omume n'okpuru ọnọdụ acid siri ike, nke chọrọ ngwá ọrụ dị elu na usoro.Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, ogige isocyanate dị ka MDI na TDI dị mfe iji mmiri meghachi omume na njọ, ma n'otu oge ahụ, ebe oyi na-ekpo ọkụ dị ala, nke bụ nnukwu ihe ịma aka maka mmepụta nkà na ụzụ.2) Ihe mgbochi ndị ahịa.Ogo nke ihe polyurethane ga-emetụta kpọmkwem ọrụ nke ngwaahịa na ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche dị n'okpuru ala.Ndị ahịa dị iche iche agaghị agbanwe ngwa ngwa ndị na-ebubata mgbe ha chọpụtachara njirimara ngwaahịa nke ha, ya mere ọ ga-abụ ihe mgbochi nye ndị na-abanye ọhụrụ na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ.3) Management na talent mgbochi.Na-eche ihu ụdị ngwaahịa gbasasịrị agbasasị nke ndị ahịa na-achọ ala, ụlọ ọrụ polyurethane kwesịrị imepụta usoro ịzụ ahịa ọkaibe, mmepụta, ahịa na sistemụ ọrụ, yana n'otu oge ahụ, ọ kwesịrị ịzụlite ndị ọkachamara n'ọkwa dị elu nwere ahụmịhe njikwa njikwa bara ụba. na nnukwu njikwa ihe mgbochi.
MDI Quotes: Achọrọ na-agbake, ọnụ ahịa ike dị elu nwere ike igbochi ọkọnọ na mba ofesi
MDI ọnụahịa akụkọ ihe mere eme na nyocha cyclical
Mmepụta MDI nke ụlọ malitere na 1960s, mana njedebe site na ọkwa teknụzụ, ọchịchọ ụlọ na-adaberekarị na mbubata na ọnụ ahịa dị elu.Ebe ọ bụ na mmalite nke narị afọ nke 21st, dị ka Wanhua Chemical ji nwayọọ nwayọọ mụta isi na nkà na ụzụ nke MDI mmepụta, mmepụta ike gbasaa ngwa ngwa, ụlọ ọkọnọ malitere imetụta ahịa, na cyclicality nke MDI ahịa malitere apụta.Site na nleba anya nke ọnụ ahịa akụkọ ihe mere eme, usoro ọnụahịa nke mkpokọta MDI dị ka nke MDI dị ọcha, na mgbago elu ma ọ bụ ala nke ọnụahịa MDI dị ihe dị ka afọ 2-3.58.1% quantile, nkezi ọnụahịa kwa izu mụbara site na 6.9%, nkezi ọnụahịa kwa ọnwa gbadara 2.4%, na mbelata afọ ruo taa bụ 10.78%;MDI dị ọcha mechiri na 21,500 yuan / ton, na ọnụọgụ 55.9% nke ọnụahịa akụkọ ihe mere eme, yana mmụba ọnụahịa kwa izu nke 4.4 %, ọnụ ahịa nkezi kwa ọnwa dara 2.3%, na mmụba nke afọ ruo taa bụ 3.4%.Usoro nnyefe ọnụahịa nke MDI dị ntakịrị, na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke ọnụahịa na-abụkarị ebe dị elu nke mgbasa.Anyị kwenyere na okirikiri ọnụahịa MDI a na-arị elu na-amalite na Julaị 2020, nke metụtara mmetụta nke ọrịa na-efe efe na ike mba ofesi na ọnụego ọrụ.Nkezi ọnụahịa MDI na 2022 na-atụ anya ka ọ ga-adị elu.
Site na data akụkọ ihe mere eme, ọ dịghị oge doro anya na ọnụahịa MDI.Na 2021, ọnụ ahịa dị elu nke chịkọtara MDI ga-apụta na nkeji mbụ na nke anọ.Nhazi nke ọnụ ahịa dị elu na nkeji mbụ nke mbụ bụ n'ihi na-abịarute n'oge opupu ihe ubi, mbelata nke ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ na ntinye uche nke ndị na-emepụta ala tupu ememe ahụ.Nhazi nke ọnụ ahịa dị elu na nkeji nke anọ na-esite na nkwado ọnụ ahịa n'okpuru "nchịkwa abụọ nke oriri ike".Ọnụ ego nke MDI gbakọtara na nkeji mbụ nke 2022 bụ 20,591 yuan/ton, gbadara 0.9% site na nkeji nke anọ nke 2021;Ọnụ ego nke MDI dị ọcha na nkeji mbụ bụ 22,514 yuan/ton, gbagoro 2.2% site na nkeji nke anọ nke 2021.
A na-atụ anya na ọnụ ahịa MDI ga-anọgide na-eguzosi ike na 2022. Ọnụ ego nchịkọta MDI (Yantai Wanhua, East China) na 2021 ga-abụ 20,180 yuan / ton, mmụba nke afọ nke 35.9% na 69.1% quantile nke akụkọ ihe mere eme. ọnụ ahịa.Na mbido 2021, oke ihu igwe na mba ofesi na-emekarị, ọrịa ahụ metụtara njem mbupụ, yana ọnụ ahịa MDI esenidụt rịgoro nke ukwuu.Ọ bụ ezie na ọnụ ahịa MDI dị ugbu a dị elu karịa nke etiti etiti akụkọ ihe mere eme, anyị kwenyere na okirikiri ọnụahịa MDI a dị elu akwụsịbeghị.Ọnụ ahịa mmanụ dị elu na gas na-akwado ọnụ ahịa MDI, ebe ikike nrụpụta MDI ọhụrụ na 2022 nwere oke yana ọkọnọ n'ozuzu ya ka siri ike, yabụ a na-atụ anya na ọnụahịa ga-adịgide.
Nkwanye: Mgbasawanye na-aga n'ihu, mmụba nwere oke na 2022
Ọsọ mgbasawanye nke Wanhua Chemical dị ngwa ngwa karịa nke ndị asọmpi mba ụwa.Dị ka ụlọ ọrụ mbụ na-ahụ maka nkà na ụzụ nke mmepụta MDI, Wanhua Chemical aghọwo onye na-emepụta MDI kasị ukwuu n'ụwa.Na 2021, ngụkọta ikike mmepụta MDI zuru ụwa ọnụ ga-abụ ihe dị ka nde tọn 10.24, ikike mmepụta ọhụrụ ga-esite na Wanhua Chemical.Ọnụahịa ahịa kachasị elu nke Wanhua Chemical bụ 25.9%.Na 2021, ngụkọta ike mmepụta MDI n'ụlọ ga-abụ ihe dị ka nde tọn 3.96, na mmepụta ga-abụ ihe dị ka nde tọn 2.85, mmụba nke 27.8% ma e jiri ya tụnyere mmepụta na 2020. Na mgbakwunye na ọrịa na-emetụta ya na 2020, anụ ụlọ. Mmepụta MDI nọgidere na-eto ngwa ngwa n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, yana CAGR nke 10.3% site na 2017 ruo 2021. Site n'echiche nke ijeụkwụ mgbasawanye ụwa n'ọdịnihu, mmụba bụ isi ka ga-esi na Wanhua Chemical, na ọrụ mgbasawanye ụlọ ga-abịa. etinyere ya n'ọrụ tupu mba ọzọ.On May 17, dị ka ukara website nke Shaanxi Chemical Construction, Gao Jiancheng, ụlọ ọrụ si otu odeakwụkwọ na onyeisi oche, kpọrọ ka ịga Wanhua Chemical (Fujian) MDI oru ngo nzukọ nzukọ, na bịanyere aka a na-ewu ọganihu atụmatụ atụmatụ ọrụ leta na Wanhua Chemical (Fujian) iji hụ na imezu ebumnuche mmepụta nke ọrụ a na Nọvemba 30, 2022.
Arịrịọ: Ọnụ ọgụgụ na-eto eto dị elu karịa ihe a na-enye, na ihe mkpuchi ụlọ na mbadamba ndị na-enweghị formaldehyde na-eweta ọganihu ọhụrụ.
A na-atụ anya na uto chọrọ MDI zuru ụwa ọnụ ga-akawanye uto ọkọnọ.Dabere na data Covestro, ọkọnọ MDI zuru ụwa ọnụ na 2021 bụ ihe dị ka nde tọn 9.2, yana CAGR nke 4% na 2021-2026;Achọrọ MDI zuru ụwa ọnụ bụ ihe dị ka nde tọn 8.23, yana CAGR nke 6% na 2021-2026.Dabere na data Huntsman, ikike MDI zuru ụwa ọnụ CAGR bụ 2.9% na 2020-2025, na ụwa MDI chọrọ CAGR bụ ihe dịka 5-6% na 2020-2025, nke ikike mmepụta na Eshia ga-abawanye site na nde tọn 5 na 2020. ka 2025 6.2 nde tọn, polyurethane ụlọ ọrụ bụ nchekwube banyere MDI ina na-esote afọ ise.
Ka nwere nchekwube banyere ọnọdụ mbupụ ogologo oge nke MDI.Site n'echiche nke usoro mbupụ mbupụ na 2021, United States bụ onye na-ebupụ MDI nke obodo m, na oke mbupụ na 2021 ga-eru tọn 282,000, mmụba kwa afọ nke 122.9%.Zhejiang, Shandong na Shanghai bụ isi mbupụ ógbè (mpaghara) na mba m, nke Zhejiang si mbupụ olu ruru 597,000 ton, a-afọ-na-afọ abawanye nke 78.7%;Olu mbupụ Shandong ruru tọn 223,000, mmụba kwa afọ nke 53.7%.Dị ka data ala ala na-agbada, ọnụ ahịa ahịa nke ụlọ ọhụrụ na United States na-agafe oge mgbake ọrịa na-efe efe, itinye ego n'ime ụlọ nwere ike inwe mgbanwe dị ala, na mgbake nke ụlọ ahịa na-atụ anya ịkwalite ọchịchọ MDI. .
Oke uru oke nke Wanhua Chemical na nkeji iri na ise nwere ezigbo egwuregwu na mgbasa ọnụahịa nke MDI gbakọtara na nkeji iri na ise.Isi akụrụngwa nke MDI bụ aniline.Site na ngụkọ nke ihe dị iche iche nke usoro iwu, enwere ike ịchọta na ọnụahịa nke polymerized MDI nwere usoro nnyefe dị mma, ọnụ ahịa dị elu na-abụkarị ihe dị iche iche dị elu.N'otu oge ahụ, ọnụahịa mgbasa nke aggregated MDI nwere ezigbo egwuregwu na oke uru nke Wanhua Chemical na nkeji iri na ise, na mgbanwe nke oke uru dị n'akụkụ ụfọdụ n'azụ mgbanwe nke mgbasa ozi, ma ọ bụ metụtara ya. Ndepụta Ngwaahịa okirikiri nke ụlọ ọrụ.
Ọnụ ego ike dị elu nwere ike ịga n'ihu na-amachi ntinye MDI na mba ofesi.Xinhua Finance, Frankfurt, June 13th, German ike regulator Klaus Müller, onye isi nke Federal Network Agency, kwuru na Nord Stream 1 Baltic Pipeline ga-arụ ọrụ n'oge okpomọkụ, na ọkọnọ nke eke gas si Russia na Germany na Western Europe ga- ga-ebelata n'oge okpomọkụ.nwere ike ịdaba nke ukwuu.Ikike mmepụta MDI nke Europe bụ ihe dịka 30% nke mkpokọta ụwa.Ọnụnọ nke ike fosil na-aga n'ihu nwere ike ịmanye ndị na-emepụta MDI esenidụt ibelata ibu ha, na mbupụ MDI n'ime ụlọ nwere ike ibute mmụba n'oge okpomọkụ.
Wanhua nwere uru ọnụ ahịa doro anya.Na-ekpe ikpe site na ọnụ ahịa akụkọ ihe mere eme nke mmanụ ọkụ / gas na-ere ahịa na ọnụ ahịa nke isi ụlọ ọrụ polyurethane, usoro nke ahịa ahịa nke ụlọ ọrụ ndị si mba ọzọ dị nso na nke mmanụ mmanụ na ọnụ ahịa gas.Ọnụego mgbasawanye nke Wanhua Chemical dị elu karịa nke ụlọ ọrụ esenidụt, ma ọ bụ mmetụta nke ọnụ ahịa akụrụngwa adịghị ike karịa nke ụlọ ọrụ esenidụt.ụlọ ọrụ esenidụt.Site n'echiche nke okirikiri nhọrọ ukwuu nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, Wanhua Chemical na BASF, nke nwere agbụ ụlọ ọrụ petrochemical ma nwee uru njikọta doro anya, nwere uru ọnụ karịa Covestro na Huntsman.
N'ihe banyere ndabere nke ọnụ ahịa ike na-arị elu, uru nke ntinye aka na-enwetakwu nlebara anya.Dị ka data Huntsman si kwuo, site na 2024, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na-ezube imezu ọrụ njikarịcha ọnụ ahịa nke US $ 240 nde, nke njikarịcha nke mpaghara osisi polyurethane ga-enye ihe dị ka nde US $ 60 na mbelata ọnụ ahịa.Dabere na Covestro, mmụba nke ego ha nwetara site na ọrụ ntinye aka ga-eru nde euro 120 ka ọ na-erule 2025, nke ọrụ njikarịcha ọnụ ahịa ga-atụnye ihe ruru nde euro 80.
Ahịa TDI: Nrụpụta n'ezie dị ala karịa ka a tụrụ anya ya, yana enwere ohere zuru oke maka ọnụahịa elu
Usoro ọnụahịa akụkọ ihe mere eme TDI na nyocha cyclical
Usoro mmepụta nke TDI dị mgbagwoju anya, ngwaahịa ahụ nwekwara nsi dị elu ma na-ere ọkụ na ihe mgbawa karịa MDI.Site na nleba anya ọnụahịa akụkọ ihe mere eme, usoro ọnụahịa nke TDI na MDI yiri nke ahụ mana mgbanwe ahụ pụtara ìhè karị, ma ọ bụ na-ejikọta ya na enweghị ike nke mmepụta TDI.Dị ka nke June 17, 2022, TDI (East China) mechiri na 17,200 yuan / ton, na ọnụọgụ 31.1% nke ọnụ ahịa akụkọ ihe mere eme, yana mmụba ọnụahịa kwa izu nke 1.3%, mmụba ọnụahịa kwa ọnwa nke 0.9%, na otu afọ. -12.1% maka taa.Site n'echiche cyclical, mgbago elu ma ọ bụ ala nke ọnụ ahịa TDI dịkwa ihe dị ka afọ 2-3.E jiri ya tụnyere MDI, ọnụ ahịa TDI na ọnụ ahịa na-agbanwe karịa ike, ọnụ ahịa na-enwekwa ike ịmanye majeure na ozi ndị ọzọ n'oge dị mkpirikpi.Agba nke TDI mgbago elu nwere ike ịmalite site na Eprel 2020, nke metụtara nkwụsi ike na-adịghị mma nke nrụnye TDI yana nsonaazụ dị ala karịa nke a tụrụ anya ya.E jiri ya tụnyere MDI, ọnụahịa TDI ugbu a dị na ọkwa dị ala nke akụkọ ihe mere eme, na elu nwere ike ịpụta ìhè.
A na-atụ anya na ọnụ ahịa TDI ga-aga n'ihu na 2022. Ọnụ ego nke TDI (East China) na 2021 bụ 14,189 yuan / ton, mmụba nke 18.5% kwa afọ, ma dị na 22.9% quantile nke ọnụahịa akụkọ ihe mere eme. .Ọnụ ego dị elu nke ọnụ ahịa TDI na 2021 bụ na nkeji mbụ, ọkachasị n'ihi na ndị na-emepụta ihe n'okpuru mmiri echekwabara tupu ezumike ahụ, akụrụngwa na nchekwa nke mba ofesi nwere oke, yana ngwaahịa ụlọ ọrụ dị na ọkwa dị ala n'afọ.Ọnụ ego nke TDI na nkeji mbụ nke 2022 bụ 18,524 yuan / ton, mmụba nke 28.4% site na nkeji anọ nke 2021. Tụnyere MDI, ọnụahịa nke TDI ka na-adị ala na akụkọ ihe mere eme, na e nwere a nnukwu ọnụ ụlọ maka ọnụahịa elu.
Usoro ọkọnọ na ọchịchọ: nguzozi ogologo oge, nkwụsi ike akụrụngwa na-emetụta mmepụta n'ezie
Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ọ bụ ezie na ikike mmepụta TDI zuru ụwa ọnụ karịrị akarị, ọnụ ọgụgụ uto nke ọchịchọ karịrị uto nke ọkọnọ, na ogologo oge ọkọnọ na ụkpụrụ nke TDI nwere ike ịnọgide na-enwe nguzozi.Dabere na data Covestro, ọkọnọ TDI zuru ụwa ọnụ bụ ihe dị ka nde tọn 3.42, yana CAGR nke 2% na 2021-2026;Ihe achọrọ TDI zuru ụwa ọnụ bụ ihe dị ka nde tọn 2.49, yana CAGR nke 5% na 2021-2026.
N'okpuru ndabere nke oke ike, ndị na-emepụta na-eji nlezianya gbasaa mmepụta.E jiri ya tụnyere MDI, TDI nwere ole na ole ikike mgbasawanye oru ngo, na ọ dịghị ike abawanye na 2020 na 2021. The isi abawanye na-esote afọ abụọ ga-abịa site Wanhua Chemical, nke na-ezube ịgbasa 100,000 tọn / afọ ikike na Fujian ka. 250,000 tọn / afọ.Ihe oru ngo a na-agụnye otu nitrification nke 305,000 ton / afọ, otu hydrogenation unit nke 200,000 tọn / afọ, na otu fotochemical nke 250,000 tọn / afọ;mgbe oru ngo a ruru mmepụta, a na-atụ anya na ọ ga-emepụta 250,000 tọn TDI, 6,250 tọn OTDA, 203,660 nke akọrọ hydrogen chloride na hydrochloric acid.Tọn 70,400.Dị ka webụsaịtị gọọmentị nke gọọmentị Fuqing Municipal si kwuo, ọrụ mgbasawanye ahụ enwetala ọdụ ụgbọ nrụnye TDI na ọdụ nkesa, ikike iwu ụlọ kabinet nrụnye TDI, yana ikike nrụpụta ọdụ friji TDI.A na-atụ anya na a ga-arụ ọrụ na 2023.
Nkwụsi ike akụrụngwa na-adịghị mma na-emetụta mmepụta n'ezie.Dabere na data Baichuan Yingfu, mmepụta TDI ụlọ na 2021 ga-abụ ihe dị ka nde tọn 1.137, kwekọrọ na ọnụego ọrụ kwa afọ nke ihe dịka 80%.Agbanyeghị na ikike mmepụta TDI zuru ụwa ọnụ karịrị oke, na 2021, akụrụngwa TDI n'ụlọ na mba ọzọ ga-emetụta ogo dị iche iche site na oke ihu igwe, ọkọnọ akụrụngwa na ọdịda teknụzụ, nsonaazụ ga-adị ala karịa ka a tụrụ anya ya, yana ngwaahịa ụlọ ọrụ ga-adị ala. nọgide na-ada.Dị ka Baichuan Yingfu si kwuo, na June 9, 2022, metụtara iku nke ndị ọkwọ ụgbọ ala mpaghara na South Korea, akụrụngwa Hanwha TDI mpaghara (ton 50,000 kwa otu) belatara ibu, na nnyefe nke isi mmalite Kumho MDI egbuola oge. emetụta ngwaahịa polyurethane na-adịbeghị anya ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ.na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri.N'otu oge ahụ, a na-atụ anya na ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ ga-emezigharị na June, na mkpokọta TDI siri ike.
Dabere na data Baichuan Yingfu, oriri TDI n'ezie na 2021 ga-abụ ihe dịka tọn 829,000, mmụba kwa afọ nke 4.12%.Ihe mgbada nke TDI bụ ọkachamma ngwaahịa sponge dị ka arịa ụlọ elu.Na 2021, sponge na ngwaahịa ga-aza 72% nke oriri TDI.Kemgbe 2022, ọnụ ọgụgụ uto nke ọchịchọ TDI ebelatala, mana ebe mgbada dị ka arịa ụlọ na akwa akwa ji nwayọọ nwayọọ gbakee site na ọrịa ahụ, a na-atụ anya na oriri TDI ga-aga n'ihu.
ADI na ndị ọzọ pụrụ iche isocynates: ọhụrụ na apụta ahịa
Ahịa ADI na mpaghara mkpuchi na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-emeghe
E jiri ya tụnyere aromatic isocyanates, aliphatic na alicyclic isocyanates (ADI) nwere njirimara nke nguzogide ihu igwe siri ike na obere odo.Hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) bụ ADI a na-ahụkarị, nke na-enweghị agba ma ọ bụ odo odo, yana viscosity dị ala, mmiri na-esi ísì ụtọ na ụlọ okpomọkụ.Dị ka ihe eji eme ihe maka mmepụta nke polyurethane, a na-ejikarị HDI eme ihe na mmepụta nke polyurethane (PU) varnishes na ihe mkpuchi dị elu, ihe mkpuchi ụgbọ ala, ihe mkpuchi plastik, ihe mkpuchi osisi dị elu, mkpuchi ụlọ ọrụ na mkpuchi mgbochi corrosion. nakwa dị ka elastomers, adhesives, textile finishing agents, wdg Na mgbakwunye na mmanụ na-eguzogide ma na-eyi nguzogide, ihe mkpuchi PU nwetara nwere njirimara nke na-adịghị edo edo, njigide agba, nzu na-eguzogide, na nkwụsi ike n'èzí.Ke adianade do, ọ na-eji agba ọgwụgwọ gị n'ụlọnga, elu polymer nrapado, ala okpomọkụ nrapado maka ibipụta mado, olu akwa copolymer mkpuchi, ofu enzyme nrapado, wdg Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) bụkwa a ọtụtụ-eji ADI.Dị ka ihe eji eme ihe maka mmepụta nke polyurethane, IPDI dị mma maka mmepụta nke polyurethane nwere ezigbo nkwụsi ike, nkwụsi ike ihu igwe na ihe ndị dị mma.Kwesịrị ekwesị maka mmepụta nke elastomers, ihe mkpuchi mmiri, polyurethane dispersants na fotocurable urethane-modified acrylates.
A na-ebubata ụfọdụ akụrụngwa, ọnụ ahịa ADI na-adịkarị elu karịa nke MDI na TDI.Inweta HDI na oke ahịa kachasị elu n'etiti ADI dịka ọmụmaatụ, hexamethylenediamine bụ isi akụrụngwa maka mmepụta HDI.Ugbu a, a na-emepụta 1 tọn HDI na ihe dị ka tọn 0.75 nke hexanediamine na-eri.Ọ bụ ezie na nhazi nke adiponitrile na hexamethylene diamine na-aga n'ihu, mmepụta nke HDI ugbu a ka na-adabere na adiponitrile na hexamethylene diamine na-ebubata, na ọnụ ahịa ngwaahịa zuru oke dị elu.Dabere na data nke Tiantian Chemical Network, ọnụ ahịa HDI kwa afọ na 2021 bụ ihe dị ka yuan / ton 85,547, mmụba otu afọ n'afọ nke 74.2%;Ọnụ ego kwa afọ nke IPDI bụ ihe dịka 76,000 yuan / ton, mmụba kwa afọ nke 9.1%.
Wanhua Chemical aghọwo onye na-emepụta ADI nke abụọ n'ụwa
A na-agbasawanye ikike mmepụta nke ADI nke ọma, na Wanhua Chemical emeela ọganihu na HDI na ihe mmepụta ihe, IPDI, HMDI na ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ.Dị ka data nke Xinjie Industry Research Center si kwuo, mkpokọta mmepụta nke ụlọ ọrụ ADI zuru ụwa ọnụ ga-eru 580,000 ton / afọ na 2021. N'ihi nnukwu ihe mgbochi ịbanye na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, e nwere ụlọ ọrụ ole na ole n'ụwa nwere ike ịmepụta ADI. na nnukwu ọnụ ọgụgụ, tumadi gụnyere Covestro, Evonik, BASF na Germany, Asahi Kasei na Japan, Wanhua Chemical, na Rhodia na France, n'ime nke Covestro bụ ụwa kasị ibu ADI soplaya na kwa afọ mmepụta ikike nke 220,000 tọn, sochiri Wanhua Chemical. nke nwere ike imepụta ihe dị ka tọn 140,000 kwa afọ.Na Wanhua Ningbo si 50,000-ton / afọ HDI osisi etinye n'ime mmepụta, Wanhua Chemical si ADI mmepụta ikike ga-n'ihu enwekwukwa.
Isocyanates pụrụ iche na gbanwetụrụ na-aga n'ihu na-enweta ọganihu.Ugbu a, omenala aromatic isocyanates nke obodo m (MDI, TDI) nọ n'ọkwá na-eduga n'ụwa.N'etiti aliphatic isocyanates (ADI), HDI, IPDI, HMDI na ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ ejirila nkà na ụzụ mmepụta onwe ha, XDI, PDI na ndị ọzọ pụrụ iche isocyanates abanyela na pilot, TDI -TMP na ndị ọzọ gbanwetụrụ isocyanates (isocyanate adducts) emeela ka nkà na ụzụ dị mkpa. ọganihu.Isocyanates pụrụ iche na isocyanates gbanwetụrụ bụ ihe dị mkpa maka imepụta ngwaahịa polyurethane dị elu, ma na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ịkwalite nhazi nke ngwaahịa polyurethane.Site na ọganihu na-aga n'ihu nke ọganihu nkà na ụzụ ụlọ, Wanhua Chemical na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ enwewokwa ọganihu nkà na ụzụ na-arụ ọrụ n'ọhịa nke isocyanates pụrụ iche na isocynate adducts, na-atụ anya na ha ga-eduga ụwa na egwu ọhụrụ.
Companieslọ ọrụ polyurethane: nrụpụta siri ike na arụmọrụ na 2021, nwere nchekwube maka echiche ahịa
Wanhua Chemical
Tọrọ ntọala na 1998, Wanhua Chemical na-etinyekarị aka na R&D, mmepụta na ịre ahịa nke ngwaahịa polyurethane zuru oke dị ka isocyanates na polyols, ngwaahịa petrochemical dị ka acrylic acid na ester, ihe na-arụ ọrụ dị ka mkpuchi mmiri, na kemịkalụ pụrụ iche. .Ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ mbụ na obodo m nwere MDI Ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ nwere ikike ikike ọgụgụ isi nke teknụzụ nrụpụta, ọ bụkwa onye na-ebubata polyurethane na mpaghara Eshia-Pacific na onye nrụpụta MDI kachasị asọmpi n'ụwa.
Ọnụ ọgụgụ mmepụta ihe nwere uru dị ịrịba ama, ọ na-etinyekwa mkpa R&D na ihe ọhụrụ mbụ.Dị ka nke njedebe nke 2021, Wanhua Chemical nwere ngụkọta mmepụta ikike nke 4.16 nde tọn / afọ nke polyurethane usoro ngwaahịa (gụnyere 2.65 nde tọn / afọ maka MDI oru ngo, 650,000 tọn / afọ maka TDI oru ngo, na 860,000 ton / afọ maka polyether). oru ngo).Dịka njedebe nke 2021, Wanhua Chemical nwere ndị ọrụ R&D 3,126, na-aza 16% nke mkpokọta ụlọ ọrụ, ma tinye ego ruru ijeri yuan 3.168 na R&D, na-aza ihe dị ka 2.18% nke ego ọrụ ya.N'oge akuko oge nke 2021, Wanhua Chemical si ọgbọ nke isii MDI technology e ọma etinyere na Yantai MDI osisi, ọbọ a kwụsiri ike ọrụ nke 1.1 nde tọn kwa afọ;teknụzụ mmepụta hydrogen chloride catalytic oxidation chlorine nke mebere onwe ya tozuru oke wee mechaa, wee depụta aha ya maka izu kemịkalụ kacha mma maka mmepe na-adigide na 2021;PO / SM nke na-emepụta onwe ya, teknụzụ polyether DMC na-aga n'ihu na usoro ọhụrụ nke aromatic polyester polyols ejirila nke ọma rụọ ọrụ nke ọma, ndị na-egosi ngwaahịa ahụ erutela ọkwa ngwaahịa dị elu.
Uto Wanhua Chemical dị mma karịa nke ndị asọmpi mba ụwa.Na-erite uru site na uru nke ọnụ ọgụgụ na ọnụ ahịa, Wanhua Chemical si n'afọ na-enweta ego n'afọ 2021 dị elu karịa nke ndị asọmpi mba ụwa, na ego a na-enweta na nkeji mbụ nke 2022 ga-enwe ọganihu dị elu.Na n'ihu ntopụta nke ọnụ ọgụgụ uru na-aga n'ihu mma nke MDI mbupụ, Wanhua Chemical ga-anọgide na-amụba ahịa òkè nke MDI na ike multiple uto isi na petrochemical na ọhụrụ ihe ndi.(Ebe akụkọ: Future Think Tank)
BASF (BASF)
BASF SE bụ ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ kachasị ukwuu n'ụwa nwere ihe enyemaka karịrị 160 ma ọ bụ mmekorita ya na mba 41 na Europe, Eshia na America.Isi ụlọ ọrụ na Ludwigshafen, Germany, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ bụ isi ngwaahịa kemịkalụ kachasị ukwuu n'ụwa.Azụmahịa nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na-ekpuchi ahụike na nri (Nutrition & Care), mkpuchi na ihe eji esiji (Surface Teknụzụ), kemịkalụ bụ isi (Chemical), plastik na-arụ ọrụ dị elu na ihe mmalite (Ihe), resins na ihe ndị ọzọ na-arụ ọrụ (Ngwọta ụlọ ọrụ), ọrụ ugbo (Agricultural). Ngwọta) Ngwọta) na mpaghara ndị ọzọ, nke isocyanates (MDI na TDI) bụ akụkụ nke monomer (Monomer) na plastik na-arụ ọrụ dị elu na akụkụ precursors (Akụkụ), yana ngụkọta mmepụta nke BASF isocyanate (MDI + TDI) na 2021 bụ ihe dị ka nde tọn 2.62.Dị ka BASF si 2021 akụkọ kwa afọ, mkpuchi na e ji esiji ákwà bụ ụlọ ọrụ kasị ukwuu ego akpata, aza 29% nke ya ego na 2021. R&D itinye ego bụ banyere 296 nde euro, gụnyere nnweta na ndị ọzọ itinye ego nke 1.47 ijeri euro;plastik na-arụ ọrụ dị elu na akụkụ nke mbụ (Ihe) bụ akụkụ nke nwere oke ego ha nwetara nke abụọ, na-aza 19% nke ego ha nwetara na 2021, yana itinye ego R&D ihe dị ka nde euro 193, gụnyere nnweta na ntinye ego ndị ọzọ nke 709 nde euro.
Ahịa ndị China na-enwetakwu nlebara anya.Dabere na data BASF, ka ọ na-erule 2030, ụzọ abụọ n'ụzọ atọ nke mmụba kemịkalụ zuru ụwa ọnụ ga-esi na China pụta, yana 9 n'ime ọrụ mgbasawanye 30 ekpughere na akụkọ BASF nke 2021 kwa afọ dị na obodo m.BASF's Guangdong (Zhanjiang) agbakwunyere ntọala bụ nnukwu ọrụ ntinye ego na mba ofesi BASF ruo ugbu a.Dị ka nkwupụta EIA si kwuo, ngụkọta ego nke ọrụ a bụ ihe dị ka ijeri yuan 55.362, nke ntinye ego n'ime ya bụ ijeri yuan 50.98.A na-atụ anya ịmalite ọrụ a na nkeji mbụ nke 2022, a ga-arụcha ya ma tinye ya n'ọrụ na nkeji nke atọ nke 2025, na ngụkọta oge ihe owuwu ihe dị ka ọnwa 42.Mgbe arụchara ọrụ ahụ ma tinye ya n'ọrụ, nkezi ego a na-enweta kwa afọ ga-abụ ijeri yuan 23.42, nkezi uru kwa afọ ga-abụ ijeri yuan 5.24, na nkezi uru ụgbụ a na-enweta kwa afọ ga-abụ ijeri yuan 3.93.A na-atụ anya na afọ mmepụta nke ọrụ a ga-atụnye ihe dị ka ijeri yuan 9.62 nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe kwa afọ.
Oge nzipu: Ọgọst-23-2022